Monday, August 15, 2011

El Secuestro de Nuevo León

Por Agustín C. Basave Alanís

Nuevo León se encuentra sometido, contra su voluntad, por el crimen organizado.

El objetivo del secuestro no es un rescate meramente económico, sino el cumplimiento de determinadas condiciones que requieren para operar las organizaciones delictivas que nos han privado de las más elementales libertades.

Quienes residimos aquí vivimos entre embates de terror y de violencia. Prácticamente nos han robado ya hasta la capacidad de asombro.

Y, la verdad, cuesta trabajo terminar de comprender una guerra que no iniciamos, pero que se presentó a partir de un problema que hemos tolerado y fomentado durante años.

Como sociedad civil, hemos corrompido a nuestros cuerpos policiacos y a nuestros funcionarios sistemáticamente y desde todos los campos.

Hemos cultivado y tolerado policías, empresarios, funcionarios, ciudadanos y políticos corruptos; peor aún, hemos entorpecido el camino de quienes no son corruptos, dejándolos en desigualdad de circunstancias al competir en desventaja con aquellos que están dispuestos a violar la ley: orillándolos a fracasar, a retardar su éxito profesional, o bien a corromperse.

Entiendo el problema del narcotráfico en México como un grave síntoma de la descomposición de nuestro tejido social: un síntoma violento que ha surgido (al menos se ha agravado) en razón de la corrupción y de la impunidad que sufre nuestro País.

No pretendo minimizar la violencia que hoy sufrimos ni me refiero a que solamente en una nación con índices tan altos de corrupción exista el narcotráfico, pero sólo en un país con nuestros niveles de corrupción puede el narcotráfico amasar estos niveles de poder y de impunidad, y sólo a una sociedad desorganizada puede el crimen organizado poner de rodillas. No lleguemos a ello.

Es nuestro "molde" de ciudadano entonces el que también debiera de preocuparnos, porque es absurdo pensar que esta lucha por recuperar a México la van a ganar nuestras Fuerzas Armadas a balazos en las calles y en las sierras, sin participación de la sociedad.

No es así. Es una lucha larga y compleja, y conforme la vayamos prolongando sin un esfuerzo real ciudadano, iremos también desgastando y corrompiendo proporcionalmente a nuestra última institución con prestigio: las Fuerzas Armadas.

No hay cambio estructural ni combate efectivo que no involucre la lucha contra la corrupción y la impunidad que imperan en nuestro País; ésa es la lucha de la sociedad civil mexicana, la que nos toca hoy a todos los que no patrullamos las calles con fusil en mano y que comienza precisamente en fomentar el respeto a las reglas básicas de convivencia social.

El combate integral al crimen organizado no puede darlo una sociedad civil desorganizada: necesitamos convertirnos en una comunidad congruente, que diga lo que piense y que haga lo que diga, que respete y exija respeto a la cultura de la legalidad, que valore y fomente la cultura del trabajo y del esfuerzo.

¿Qué tanto vamos a aguantar antes de actuar? ¿Qué otro acontecimiento trágico necesitamos para despertar nuestra conciencia cívica y su respectiva congruencia y determinación?

Un esfuerzo ciudadano eficaz significa implementar una tolerancia cero: pero al delito, a la corrupción y a la impunidad.

Nuestro Estado es producto de lo que hagamos de él y ya es momento de recuperar nuestros espacios públicos mediante la generación de cultura cívica: ésa es la lucha que nos toca dar a los ciudadanos.

La violencia que hemos sufrido durante los últimos años comprueba lo frágil que resulta enfrentar al crimen organizado con una sociedad que no se organiza.

Los ejemplos exitosos de combate al crimen organizado en Colombia y en Italia demuestran el poder que tiene la sociedad organizada frente al caos del crimen organizado.

A mis 27 años, si pudiese transmitir un mensaje a mi generación, sería que para rescatar a Nuevo León tenemos que empezar por convertirnos en intolerantes con la ilegalidad y la corrupción, e impulsar la educación (tanto instrucción formal como valores familiares), el combate a la desigualdad y la generación de empleos: entre corrupción, desempleo y miseria no es ninguna sorpresa encontrar tantos mexicanos que prefieran morir como sicarios que vivir fregados.

Bien decía Leoluca Orlando, Alcalde de Palermo que junto con Borsellino y Falcone combatió exitosamente a la mafia siciliana en Italia, que el Estado es una carreta de dos ruedas: legalidad y cultura cívica. Si una de las dos no avanza, no aspiramos más que a hacer círculos.


El autor es socio fundador de Basave, Colosio, Sánchez Abogados y catedrático de la UANL.
abasave@bcsabogados.com

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